Search results for "methods [Diffusion Tensor Imaging]"

showing 10 items of 992 documents

Some analytical considerations on two-scale relations

1994

Scaling functions that generate a multiresolution analysis (MRA) satisfy, among other conditions, the so-called «two-scale relation» (TSR). In this paper we discuss a number of properties that follow from the TSR alone, independently of any MRA: position of zeros (mainly for continuous scaling functions), existence theorems (using fixed point and eigenvalue arguments) and orthogonality relation between integer translates. © 1994 Società Italiana di Fisica.

PhysicsMathematics::Functional AnalysisScale (ratio)mathematical methods in physicsFixed pointIntegerProbability theoryOrthogonalityPosition (vector)Computer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionQuantum mechanicsApplied mathematicsSettore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaScalingEigenvalues and eigenvectorsIl Nuovo Cimento B
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Time characteristics of Lévy flights in a steep potential well

2013

Using the method previously developed for ordinary Brownian diffusion, we derive a new formula to calculate the correlation time of stationary Lévy flights in a steep potential well. For the symmetric quartic potential, we obtain the exact expression of the correlation time of steady-state Lévy flights with index α = 1. The correlation time of stationary Lévy flights decreases with an increasing noise intensity and steepness of potential well.

PhysicsMathematics::ProbabilityLévy flightQuartic functionGeneral Physics and AstronomyNoise intensityGeneral Materials ScienceLévy flights Kolmogorov equation Frcational Fokker-Planck equation Stochastic Dynamics (theory) Methods of Stochastic Analysis Exact resultsStatistical physicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaBrownian motionThe European Physical Journal Special Topics
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Reconfigurable Shack-Hartmann sensor without moving elements.

2010

We demonstrate wavefront sensing with variable measurement sensitivity and dynamic range by means of a programmable microlens array implemented onto an off-the-shelf twisted nematic liquid crystal display operating as a phase-only spatial light modulator. Electronic control of the optical power of a liquid lens inserted at the aperture stop of a telecentric relay system allows sensing reconfigurability without moving components. Results of laboratory experiments show the ability of the setup to detect both smooth and highly aberrated wavefronts with adequate sensitivity.

PhysicsMicrolensWavefrontLiquid-crystal displaySpatial light modulatorbusiness.industryDynamic rangeAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsPhysics::OpticsReconfigurabilityOptical powerAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaw.inventionOpticslawImage sensorbusinessOptics letters
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Population synthesis of millisecond and submillisecond pulsars

1998

Known millisecond pulsars have periods longer than 1.558 ms. Recycled in binary systems, neutron stars can attain very short spin periods. In this paper we investigate the expected properties of the millisecond pulsar distribution by simulating synthetic populations under different assumptions for the neutron star equation of state and decay of the magnetic field. We find evidence that a tail in the distribution of millisecond pulsars may exist at periods shorter than those observed.

PhysicsMillisecondEquation of stateAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysics (astro-ph)Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsAstrophysicsMagnetic fieldNeutron starPulsarSpace and Planetary ScienceMillisecond pulsarPopulation synthesisSpin-½
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Discovery of ten millisecond pulsars in the globular cluster 47 Tucanae

1991

IN the past four years a total of 13 millisecond pulsars have been found in 12 different globular clusters. These pulsars are believed to be old neutron stars that have been spun up ('recycled') in low-mass X-ray binary systems1 although some may have been formed by the accretion-induced collapse of white dwarfs in binaries2. The globular cluster 47 Tucanae has an especially dense core, and is therefore a likely site for millisecond pulsar formation. Using the Parkes radiotelescope, we have now detected ten addi-tional millisecond pulsars in 47 Tuc, more than half of which are members of binary systems. Almost half of the known millisecond pulsars and more than a quarter of the known binary…

PhysicsMultidisciplinaryAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsAstronomyWhite dwarfAstrophysicsRadio telescopeNeutron starPulsarMillisecond pulsarGlobular clusterGravitational collapseCluster (physics)Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsNature
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Another way of looking at the sky: Neutrino telescopes

2016

Neutrinos are weakly-interacting neutral particles, which makes them powerful sources of information about the most energetic processes in the universe, such as the origin of ultra-energetic cosmic rays or gamma-ray bursts. However, a price must be paid in order to detect them: gargantuan detectors at the bottom of the sea or under the Antarctic ice are required. The detection of the first high-energy cosmic neutrinos in 2013 by the IceCube observatory represented the start of so-called neutrino astronomy, a new way of observing the universe, which can play a key role in future discoveries. In this article, we describe how neutrino telescopes work, as well as the different initial configura…

PhysicsMultidisciplinaryCOSMIC cancer databaseAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaSolar neutrinoAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsAstronomyCosmic rayAstrophysicsSolar neutrino problemHistory and Philosophy of ScienceNeutrino detectorObservatoryNeutrino astronomyNeutrinoMètode Revista de difusió de la investigació
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Possible pulsed gamma ray emission above 50 MeV from the Crab pulsar.

1970

A SEARCH for pulsed gamma ray emission from NP 0532 has been carried out with a balloon-borne experiment using a spark chamber as the central detector. This pulsar, situated in the Crab Nebula, is already known to pulsate in the radio, optical and X-ray range1–5.

PhysicsMultidisciplinaryPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsCrab PulsarAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaDetectorAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsGamma rayAstronomyAstrophysicsCrab NebulaPulsarSpark chamberGamma detectionNature
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Optical response of highly reflective film used in the water Cherenkov muon veto of the XENON1T dark matter experiment

2017

The XENON1T experiment is the most recent stage of the XENON Dark Matter Search, aiming for the direct detection of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs). To reach its projected sensitivity, the background has to be reduced by two orders of magnitude compared to its predecessor XENON100. This requires a water Cherenkov muon veto surrounding the XENON1T TPC, both to shield external backgrounds and to tag muon-induced energetic neutrons through detection of a passing muon or the secondary shower induced by a muon interacting in the surrounding rock. The muon veto is instrumented with $84$ $8"$ PMTs with high quantum efficiency (QE) in the Cherenkov regime and the walls of the watertank…

PhysicsMuonPhysics - Instrumentation and Detectors010308 nuclear & particles physicsPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsDark matterVetoFOS: Physical sciencesInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)01 natural sciencesNuclear physics0103 physical sciencesAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)010303 astronomy & astrophysicsInstrumentationMathematical PhysicsCherenkov radiation
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PSR 1758 – 24 and G5.4 – 1.2, a remarkable pulsar–supernova remnant association

1991

Τiming observations made over an 18-month period using the Parkes radiotelescope show that the pulsar PSR 1758-24 is young and is located at the extreme western edge of the compact nebula G5.27-0.90 which is associated with supernova remnant G5.4-1.2. These results confirm the association of this pulsar with the supernova remnant. They also imply that the pulsar was born with such a high velocity that is has overtaken the supernova remnant shell and now lies outside the shell

PhysicsNebulaAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaPulsar planetAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsAstronomyAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsRadio telescopeNeutron starPulsarSpace and Planetary ScienceMillisecond pulsarAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsSupernova remnantStellar evolutionAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
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Fully relativistic non-linear cosmological evolution in spherical symmetry using the BSSN formalism

2014

We present a fully relativistic numerical method for the study of cosmological problems using the Baumgarte-Shapiro-Shibata-Nakamura formalism on a dynamical Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker background. This has many potential applications including the study of the growth of structures beyond the linear regime. We present one such application by reproducing the Lema\^itre-Tolman-Bondi solution for the collapse of pressureless matter with arbitrary lapse function. The regular and smooth numerical solution at the center of coordinates proceeds in a natural way by relying on the Partially Implicit Runge-Kutta algorithm described in Montero and Cordero-Carri\'on [arXiv:1211.5930]. We gene…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy Physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsNumerical analysisFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)01 natural sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyCosmologyGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyNonlinear systemTheoretical physicsNumerical relativityDe Sitter universe0103 physical sciencesRadiative transferCircular symmetryBoundary value problemAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics010306 general physicsInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)Physical Review D
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